Conventional microfiltration theory of large flow filter element

Large-flow filter element conventional microfiltration theory The driving force of the large-flow filter element's microporous membrane filtration process (ie the pressure applied to the filtered fluid) enables the fluid to filter. Taking liquid filtration as an example, liquid and small particles (solutes) pass through The membrane is collected as the permeate and the suspended particles are retained by the membrane and collected as the concentrated retentate. The mechanism by which particles are retained depends on the properties of the membrane (physical and chemical) and the nature of the interaction between the membrane and the particles. When the pore size of the membrane is smaller than the size of the suspended particles, the particles are blocked by their geometrical beginnings, cannot enter or pass through the membrane, and are separated from the permeate. This separation mechanism is called surface filtration or sieving mechanism. If the pore size of the membrane is larger than the particle size, in this case, the particles can enter the membrane pores, and when it comes into contact with and adheres to the pore walls, they are filtered out, since this filtration is in the membrane body occurs, so this separation mechanism is called a depth filtration mechanism. The microfiltration process of the large-flow filter element can be divided into two processes: co-current and cross-flow according to the dynamic direction of the main liquid and the permeate on both sides of the membrane. In the laboratory, filter paper and funnel are used to share sediment and solution, and the separated bulk suspension is separated through filter paper under its own static pressure or vacuum degree on the permeate side. At this time, the main body liquid and the permeate flow co-currently, which is called co-current microfiltration. In co-current microfiltration, the particles retained by the membrane accumulate into a filter cake layer over time. If a depth filtration membrane is used, the retained particles will accumulate in the cavities in the membrane, if a surface filtration membrane is used, the retained particles will accumulate in the cavities of the membrane, and if a surface filtration membrane is used, the retained particles will Particles will accumulate on the membrane surface. In both cases, it will lead to an increase in filtration resistance. When filtration is carried out under constant pressure conditions, it will cause a decrease in permeation filtration flux. If it is carried out under constant flux conditions, then This will cause the pressure drop across the membrane to increase. Therefore, the co-flow microfiltration must periodically remove the particles accumulated on the membrane or replace the membrane, so the microfiltration process is a batch operation process. When the bulk suspension flows tangentially to the membrane surface, the particles in the bulk liquid are retained by the membrane, and the permeate flows out through the membrane perpendicular to the membrane surface. This process is called cross-flow microfiltration, or sometimes tangential microfiltration. The particles retained by the membrane form a filter cake layer on the membrane surface. Due to the high shear force generated by the tangent between the main body liquid and the membrane surface under pressure, the filter cake particles on the membrane surface can be removed, so the filter cake layer is thinner. The cross-flow configuration of microfiltration is effective in controlling concentration polarization and filter cake layer stacking, thus maintaining high throughput over long periods of operation.
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